Caring Dairy Standards

Basic standards for being a Caring Dairy farmer (required for all farmers)

The basic standards are specific to Cow Care, Planet Stewardship, and the Farmer & Farm Worker. In order to be a Caring Dairy farmer, all these standards must be met.  All farms will undergo a third party verification by Where Food Comes From, to evaluate how each farm is meeting the required Standards.  For a farm to be considered a Caring Dairy farm, they must meet the Basic Standards for participation.  From there, farms can strive for Silver or Gold level recognition and received a larger compensation for their achievement. 

Standards for Cow Care
1.    Participation in animal welfare monitoring program (bi-annual vet review at Ben & Jerry’s expense)
2.    Commit to no tail docking and to the use of anaesthesia for dehorning 
3.    Active herd health plan implemented annually.

Standards for Planet Stewardship
1.    Participation in environmental monitoring program to measure greenhouse gas emissions associated with the dairy farm (COMET Tool developed by NRCS).
2.    Have and implement a State Approved nutrient management plan.
3.    Cover crop a minimum of 25% of annually planted fields.
4.    Meet all Required Agricultural Practices  (as defined by Vermont Agency of Agriculture Food and Market)
5.    Manure storage for 180 days (including use of satellite pits)
6.    PSNT test or other nitrogen testing on all corn before top dressing fertilizer
7.    Must be able to demonstrate you have enough land to spread manure to meet your nutrient management plan (this can include leased land or manure applied by partnering farms)
8.    Completion of metric that tracks CPP (Crop Protection Products, this includes herbicides and pesticides) 

Standards for Farmer & Farm Worker  

The Caring Dairy labor standards were active in 2016. In 2017, we put the labor standards on hold in anticipation of implementing the Milk with Dignity program standards.
1.    Have a Health and Safety Risk Assessment and Plan.
2.    Meet the additional farmworkers standards (Standards are all covered in the Farm Worker section of Caring Dairy assessment. Documents are available in Spanish and English)

a.    Pay VT minimum wage ($10.00/hr) for employees with a minimum of 30 hours/week or more. A list of allowable deductions worksheet will be provided that figures deduction based on hours worked/week what wages need to be after deductions.  The lowest allowable wage after allowable deductions will be $8/hr. Allowable deductions will be limited to: transportation, housing, heat, electricity, food (all), food (partial), TV/internet, health care, miscellaneous.
b.    Pay at least twice monthly, with pay stubs
c.    Meet minimum housing standards (As required in the Vermont Farm Worker  Wage, Hour and Housing Fact Sheet)
d.    Workers compensation provided
e.    Meet minimum standards for farm labor:

i.    Meal breaks at least every 5 hours unless agreed upon by employee
ii.    At least 8 hours available of non-work time over the course of a 24 hour period
iii.    At least one day out of every seven off and no more than 48 hours of work each week unless agreed upon by employee

f.     Meet minimum standard for personnel policies

i.    Freedom to collectively bargain
ii.    Disciplinary action in compliance with Federal and State requirements
iii.    Termination.  Examples of what an employee CANNOT be terminated for include:

1.    State and Federally protected rights
2.    Freedom to associate with groups or individuals
3.    Retaliation for exercising any of your legal rights or filing a grievance.

g.    Safety training

3.    Written farm business strategy plan

a.    Have a written business plan that addresses both short term needs and future farm options

4.    All labor related documents are provided in both English and Spanish

Silver and Gold Standard Practices for Caring Dairy Farmers
Those farmers that want to receive a greater compensation from the Caring Dairy program must demonstrate achievement of the Silver and Gold Standards. All farmers that aspire to achieve these standards will be 3ed party verified by Where Food Comes From.
Standards for Silver Tier

• Must meet Caring Dairy program’s Basic Standards
• For all sections of the Caring Dairy Assessment, no sections scored in red, and 50% or more sections receive green scores
• Must achieve a Green score on Animal Care section of Caring Dairy Assessment
• Must achieve more than 50% of the applicable Gold standard requirements
• Must agree to verification by a third party 
• Must have third-party farm energy use and potential efficiencies reviewed within the last 5 years
• Must have a written succession plan for farm

Standards for Gold Tier

• Must meet Caring Dairy program’s Basic Standards
• For all sections of the Caring Dairy Assessment, no sections receive scores in red, and 75% of sections score in green 
• Must achieve a Green score on Animal Care section of Caring Dairy assessment
• Must agree to verification by a third party 
• Must have third-party review of farm energy use and potential efficiencies within the last 5 years
• Must have a written succession plan for farm
• Must meet 2 out of the first 3 standards and ALL of the remaining 8 of the requirements below. 

Minimum Gold Standard Requirements (TO ACHIEVE GOLD 2 OF THE FIRST 3 REQUIREMEMENTS MUST BE MET)
1.    Partial grazing (meaning young stock and/or dry cows) for dairy farmers in Northeast region of US.  Recommendations for grazing levels by farm size: farms under 100 lactating cows graze approximately 50% of young stock or dry cows during grazing season, farms over 400 lactating cows graze approximately 20% of young stock or dry cows during the grazing season. For every increase of 100 lactating cows, reduce grazing percentage by 10% to no lower than 20% total (for example: 200 cows graze 40%, 300 cows graze 30%, 400 cows graze 20%, over 400 cows still must graze 20%).

o    For UT: Must be able to demonstrate the adoption of water-saving techniques in milking parlour, animal cooling and irrigation.  100% of irrigation must be done through water saving application systems (drop nozzle, laser levelled, piped ditches, etc.).

2.    60% of corn planted using no-till or other approved methods.  Other approved methods include strip till, zone till and shallow till (one pass tillage no deeper than 3 inches may be used in conjunction with injection). No fall tillage is allowed other than injection. 80% or more of total corn acres cover cropped (50% required, 30% weather dependent, must contact CD staff as soon as weather issues or concerns occur to receive variance) with 100% cover cropping of HEL designated land or land in continuous corn.  
3.    At least 75% of annual crop acres must be in a crop rotation: 25% in no more than 3 consecutive years of annual crops, 25% in no more than 4 years of annual crops, and 25% in no more than 5 years annual crops.  25% of annual crop acres can stay in annual crops over 5 years.   

All of the following 8 requirements must be met to meet requirements for the Gold Standard.

4.    The individual farm carbon footprint is measured annually and reduction goals are established with practices identified to support reductions.
5.    The farm keeps records of culling, reason for culling, and death loss to demonstrate a death loss record of less than 6% for un-weaned calves, less than 2% for weaned heifers, and less than 4% for cows. 
6.    The farm tracks antibiotic use: Keep a record of each treatment of antibiotics used on the mature cow herd (this includes all heifers once first calf is born and dry cows).  Antibiotics includes dry-off treatments.    
7.    Pay livable wage to labor (as outlined in http://www.leg.state.vt.us/jfo/reports/2017%20BNB%20Report%20Revision_Feb_1.pdf
(for the US $13.06/hr in 2016) & offers trainings for employees. This standard applies only to employees of over 30 hours/week. A list of allowable deductions worksheet will be provided that calculates deduction based on hours worked/week to determine what wages need to be after deductions.  The lowest allowable wage after allowable deductions will be $10.00/hr. Allowable deductions will be limited to: transportation, housing, heat, electricity, food (all), food (partial), TV/internet, health care, miscellaneous.
8.    Must complete Phosphorous Balance on farm and develop target for reduction if needed. (http://nmsp.cals.cornell.edu/projects/massbalance.html)
9.    Track CPP (crop protection product) use and demonstrate scouting on all fields and reduction of chemical use through spot spraying and other CPP reduction techniques.
10.    If a tie-stall barn is used, animals must have a turn out area they have access to for at least 1 hour a day, weather permitting.  We recommend that cows are out for more than 2 hours a day weather permitting, but the minimum is for at least 1 hour. Weather conditions where outside access may be restricted would include: mud, heat, excessive cold, and ice. 
11.    Farmer must develop a Biodiversity Action Plan and at least 5% of total farm land (arable and non-arable) should be designated to enhance biodiversity.